Hiring new employees is always a risk…
No matter how well someone comes across in an interview, or how vast their experience is, until they start working for you, you have no idea how it will all work out.
That's why it makes sense to put in place a probationary period- it creates time to make sure they are the right for the job and your business, also it gives the employee time to make sure everything is right for them too.
Here’s everything you need to know about probationary periods:
What is a probationary period?
While there's nothing within employment law that requires you to use probationary periods, they are commonly used by businesses of all shapes and sizes.
In simple terms, it's a trial period and during this time certain contractual obligations don’t apply. The notice period is shorter, which allows you to dismiss the employee more quickly, or the employee to quit and leave with minimal notice if things aren't working out.
After successful completion of a probationary period, employment commences as set out in your contract.
How long should a probationary period be?
Since there are no laws around probationary periods, there is no defined length of time. Typically they last between three and six months, often depending on the complexity and seniority of the role being carried out
The more complex and senior the position is, the longer the probationary period tends to be. The key factor in deciding on a suitable length of time is how long it may take your new employee to learn the job, take any necessary training, and for you to review this. Usually by three months both you and your employee should have a good idea of how things are working out.
While you can opt for a longer probationary period to protect your business, it's worthwhile remembering the impact this may have on your employee. It can signal a lack of trust and loyalty towards them and may even be a red flag for your working environment or company culture.
Use a probationary period that is reassuring to both you and your new hire - no longer.
Are contractual rights affected?
First and most importantly, an employee’s statutory rights are not affected by probationary periods. They must still be paid National Minimum Wage or above, they are still entitled to paid holiday, rest breaks, and are protected from discrimination to name a few.
When it comes to contractual rights, it's down to you as the employer whether they differ during the probationary period. You would need to be clear on this in your employment terms.
One right you will likely change is the notice period throughout the probation period. If you find the employee isn't working out in the role for whatever reason, a shorter notice period requirement during that time is typical.
You may also decide that certain contractual benefits apply upon successful completion of the probationary period. That could be things like healthcare, employee discounts or any other additional benefit employees receive.
How does the probation process work?
It's in everybody's best interests to keep the management of probation as simple as possible.
Believe it or not, often early performance issues arise because the probation process isn't clear or isn't followed, which means issues aren’t dealt with in a timely way.
It's not uncommon for probationary periods to be passed through laziness, leaving issues much harder to address later.
So how can you make the process as simple and smooth as possible?
Set clear expectations
You want your new hire to pass their probationary period. Not least because you don't want to start the recruitment process from the beginning again, you don't want to spend the additional time and expense to do it all again.
So, you need to give your new employee the best chance of passing their probation.
Give them a clear job description.
You should have created this before you started the recruitment process, so this should be simple to do.
Set short term goals and objectives.
These should be things that can be worked on during the probationary period. They should be clear, measurable, and attainable.
Introduce the business.
Tell your new recruit everything they need to know about the company, including general business practices and procedures, and standards of attendance, as well as the repercussions of failing to meet these.
Outline your company culture.
Discuss your company's core values, your mission, and your expectations of behaviour from all employees.
Plan the right training.
Most aspects of any role will need a degree of training, whether it's by shadowing another employee or more formal, external training. Make sure all the necessary training is scheduled and completed.
Discuss reviews.
Explain how you'll monitor and feedback on your new employee’s performance, as well as how and when reviews will take place.
Review progress regularly
It can be tricky to know how someone’s getting on when they start a new job, so regular communication is key.
As well as regular weekly or monthly 121 meetings, offer on-the-spot guidance and feedback day-to-day too. This should be specific, constructive, and should offer solutions rather than simply highlighting problems. Encouraging this type of communication to be two-way is helpful as it will also help to give you insight into your new hire’s experience.
For 121 meetings, gather feedback from those who work directly with your new employee, and listen to any concerns colleagues or others may have.
During the meeting, go through their progress, explain which things are going well, and be open about areas of improvement. If there are performance issues, be honest and create a plan for improvement.
If your requirements are being met with ease, add something more challenging to see how they cope. If they’re struggling, make reasonable adjustments so that goals become more obtainable.
Always give your employee an opportunity to respond to your feedback. There may be a legitimate reason that they’re not meeting your expectations and the sooner you're aware, the easier the issue is to resolve.
Keep records of all performance reviews, including any agreed actions. Send a follow up email after the meetings so that your employee has a clear understanding of their next actions.
Create opportunities for improvement
Your review meetings are the time to work out why things aren't going as planned. If you're in this situation, you need to consider whether your expectations are too high, if a lack of training is to blame, or whether there's another factor involved.
When you've identified the reason, you should look at how you can get things back on track. Often, a little patience, understanding and support can go a long way.
Consider additional training, shadowing more experienced employees, or setting different objectives to help encourage steady improvement.
Don't forget to find out what solutions your new hire would suggest too. It may simply be a case of a particular style of working not being most effective for this individual.
Consider extending the probation
If, by the time the end of the probationary period comes around, your employee isn't quite where you would expect them to be, an extension of the probation may be the best solution.
It may be that you think a little more training would help them hit the mark, or perhaps other factors have interfered with progress, like absence, for example.
In these cases, you could extend probation by a short period. Confirm this in writing with your employee and state the reasons for your decision. Don't forget to confirm the standard the employee needs to reach to pass this extended probation.
At the end of the probationary period
Once the probationary period is over, including any extensions, you will need to confirm the outcome with your employee, in writing to let them know if they passed or failed.
If they pass, it means any contractual benefits help back until the end of probation come into effect.
If they fail and you've given them a fair opportunity to improve, you'll need to set out the next steps. There may be another role in the business they would be more suited to, or they may be dismissed.
When probation has failed, you can move on to your dismissal procedure. You will need to invite the employee to a meeting to review probation, letting them know that dismissal is a possible outcome. In the meeting, be clear about the reasons why they've not successfully completed their probationary period and allow them the opportunity to present their case. If you decide to progress to dismissal, confirmation of this should be provided in a letter confirming the dismissal and give an opportunity to appeal.
Do not skip this process!
While an employee with less than two years’ service doesn't have unfair dismissal rights, they can still claim their dismissal is ‘automatic unfair’. If you don't follow your dismissal procedure this will be automatically unfair, according to the law.
Tips for a successful probationary period?
As well as making the entire process as clear and simple as possible, there are some other ways to give your new hire the best chance of getting off on the right foot.
Make sure your managers are all on-board with the process. They should understand the standards set and the expectations upon the new hire in order for them to pass probation.
Your managers are managers for a reason - they do a great job and support others to do the same. Make sure this extends to your new employee, especially during probation when they may require extra support.
It will also be up to your managers to ensure your new employee feels confident to approach them for guidance, with an issue, or for anything else. That will mean they need to be approachable, welcoming, and trustworthy, while encouraging open, honest communication with everyone.
One of the best ways to ensure a successful probationary period is to provide a great induction for your new employee. Give them the grand tour, explain everything clearly and concisely, and provide all the training they need, as well as giving them all the tools they'll need from day one.
Finally, if you have any concerns or questions about hiring new staff, probationary periods, or onboarding, don't be shy about taking professional advice. There's a lot that can go wrong when it comes to employment law and no two situations are ever the same, so it's better to be safe than sorry!
If you need help with recruiting, inducting and onboarding your new starters let's talk! You can book a free chat with me here: https://calendly.com/blackkat-hr/20-minute-exploration-call
